martin



5 Sheets-Sheet 1..

(No Model.)

I J. G. MARTIN. DUMPING WAGON.-

Patented 001;. 4,1881.

N. PETERS. PhnIoLiI hEgrapher. Washinpim (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

J.'0.MARTIN, DUMPING WAGON. No. 247,937. I Patented Oct. 4,1881.

N. PETERS, Phako-Lillwgmpher. Washinglon. n.0,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN CAMPBELL MARTIN, OF GALGUTTA, BENGAL, EAST INDIES.

DUMPlNG- W'AGO N.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 247,937, dated October4, 1881.

Application filed August 20, 1881. (No model.) Patented in India March 8, 1881.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN CAMPBELL MAR- TIN, of Kurhur Gallee Oollierics, East Indian railway mechanical engineer, at present residing in-Oalcutta, am in possession of an invention for Improvements inWagons and Trucks;

and I, the said JOHN CAMPBELL MARTIN, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof-that is to say:

My invention relates to the facility by which any loaded wagon or truck, whet-her used on railway or common road, can be emptied of its load in such a manner as to leave its road quite clear of the discharged load.

. The object of my invention is to reduce the labor required for unloading railway or other wagonsor trucks to a minimum, and also to make them answer the double purpose of carrying loads which require to be unloaded in the ordinary mannerorofcarryingloads which may be allowed to drop or fall-such as coal, grain in bulk, lime, soorkee, ballast, 850.. The floor or bottom of the wagon or truck is adjustable, and may be fixed so as to be level or higher along its longitudinal line thanv other parts of its surface. The sides are attached to the body of the wagon by double and single eyes and pin-bolts, which actas hinges and allow them to open out (when released by the lever or handle provided for that purpose) by the tendency of the load in the wagon seeking its natural angle. When loaded or adjusted for loading these sides are kept in their places by iron weigh-bars connected to a handle by two drag-bars. The adjustment from thelevel toanyrequired slope of the floor is obtained by a rack and pinion worked by a handle or ratchet at either end, and which is connected with a sliding collar, to which are attached, by means of single and double eyes and pinbolts, two struts. The off ends of these struts are similarly attached to the ribs which support the adjustable bottom of the wagon. The wagon may be constructed for special purposes without the rack-and-pinion adjustment above described. The floor is not only supported by the struts already described, but also by supports which are attached close to the extremities of the ribs, and

which, as soon as the floor is brought to the level, become plumb and drop into a seat. Belowthe adjustable floor another is provided, and the space between the two can be utilized in various ways. I y

The advantages of wagons so constructed over those at present known or invented are as follows:

First. Economy of time and labor for unloading, being actually self-unloading.

Second. Durability, it being subject to less wear and tear than ordinary tip-trucks, inasmuch as it does notrequire to betilted. This quality is also obtained by its load discharging itself without causing the least shock or strain on any part of the wagon.

Third. Simplicity of construction as compared with other descriptions of tip-wagons. Its weight'of load being lower down on the axles secures greater ease in running and occasions less wearand tear toitself and its road. It discharges its load clear of its road. It is suitable for railways or ordinary roads and for any gage. It answers the purpose of an ordinary hopper-wagon, and has much more carrying capacity. For ballastin g roads for railways it is admirably adapted, and requires an infinitesimal amount of labor to unload as compared with that required to unload an ordinary ballast-wagon. It is as serviceable as any ordinary wagon for carrying packed merchandise or goods of any description, public-works material, army commissariat, troops or cattle, or ordnance stores. It is especially suitable for coal-tubs, coal -wagons, wagons for carrying building materials-such as lime, soorkee, sandand for all loose loads, ballast, 850., itis unequaled. For w-harves the wagon is provided with a. detached or portable chute, by means of which itsload can be discharged with a minimum oflabor into any other wagon, ship, or depot.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is the end elevation of a vehicle of rectangular section fitted with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section of the same. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 5 is half the end elevation of a vehicle with slant sides fitted with my invention. Fig. 6 is half the vertical transverse section of the same. Fig. 7 is the end elevation of a vehicle, (with part of the shell removed,) showing an arrangement by means of which a wagon, cart, truck, or vehicle fitted with my invention may be used either for ordinary purposes or for the purpose of discharging its own load.

A is the frame-work ot' the wagon. B are the flaps which are hinged to the top pieces of the frame-work of the body and form the sides of the wagon. G are the hinges which attach B to A. D are claws keyed and pinned to E, a horizontal bar which serves the purpose of keeping the claws D fast against the bottom of the flaps B, or of releasing the flaps B when required. F are metal brackets bolted to the bottom of the frame of the body to carry the horizontal bar E. G is a lever, to which are attached two draw-bars, H H, the other ends of which are connected to the horizontal bars E by means of two arms, J J. K is the bottom of the "ehicle, which may be either a fixture or it may be movable, and so constructed as to be merely hinged together and kept detached from the frame-work of the wagon, to be used only when required by being fixed for carrying loads which do not need or will notbear being trajected down an inclined plane. Wagon, truck, or vehicle so fitted may be utilized for carrying material of any sort, and at the same time possess the capability of discharging itself when requisite with a minimum expenditure of labor.

Ballast wagons or trucks used in laying out railways in the course of construction or other roads can be made with the sloping bottom latitudinally as well as longitudinally, thus allowing the ballast to be discharged in any position necessary or convenient. In the case of latitudinally angular bottoms the slope can be fixed at any required angle.

Should it'be deemed desirable to discharge the whole of the load on one side only, a wagon can be constructed with arack and pinion made in such a manner as either to enable one side to be raised above the horizontal position or to lower the center ridge, at the same time increasing the elevation of the angular side of the bottom farthest away from the point of delivery, thus allowing the contents to be automatically discharged in one direction.

Remarks: First, for general use the horizontal angle N, the slope of the bottom, may be thirty degrees; second, the loss in the carrying capacity occasioned by the bottom being pent can he made good by increasing either thelength or height of the wagon without elevatin g the center of gravity to any appreciable extent, because the height to be increased for this purpose is to the height of the ridge of sloping bottom only as one-half is to one; third, arrangements can easily be made by means of which the load can be made to fall under the wagon after coming thronghits sides, for the purpose of shipping coal, &c., fromjetties or gears; but I do not claim such arrangement as any part of my invention.

I claim as my invention 1. In a wagon or truck, the fioor K, constructed substantially as described, the sides B, hinged to the frame A, as specified, and the locking dogs or cams D, and mechanism to bring said cams into engagement with or disengage them from said hinged sides, all combined and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The sides B, hinged to the frame A, as described, the locking-dogs D, shafts E, lever G, and links H J, all combined, constructed, and operating substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a railroad car or truck, a floor or platform composed of two parts hinged together centrally, as specified, in combination with JOHl\ CAMPBELL MARTIN.

Witnesses:

JOHN BEMFRY, Attorney-at-Law, Calcutta.

KISSEN WUNDER Box. 

